基本信息
浏览量:1
职业迁徙
个人简介
Mast cells in host defense and chronic inflammatory diseases
Research Summary:
Mast cells are granulated cells of hematopoietic lineage that reside close to blood vessels primarily at sites exposed to the external environment, such as the skin, oral/gastrointestinal mucosa and respiratory tract. They contribute to vascular homeostasis, innate/adaptive immunity and wound healing. Mast cells are, however, best known for their roles in allergic and inflammatory diseases such as anaphylaxis, food allergy, rhinitis, itch, urticaria, periodontitis, atopic dermatitis and asthma. Mast cells express a newly discovered G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) known as Mas-related G protein coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) and the high affinity IgE receptor (Fc-epsilonRI). As the only mast cell lab at Penn, we are interested in delineating how MRGPRX2 and Fc-epsilonRI contribute to host defense and allergic/inflammatory diseases.
MRGPRX2: Activation of surface epithelial cells by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) results in the generation of host defense antimicrobial peptides (HDPs). These HDPs display potent antimicrobial activity and modulate immune responses via the activation of mast cells through MRGPRX2. In addition to its immunomodulatory function, MRGPRX2 likely participates in pseudo-allergic drug reactions and chronic inflammatory diseases such as urticaria, periodontitis and asthma exacerbation. A unique feature of MRGPRX2 that distinguishes it from other GPCRs is that it is activated by multiple cationic ligands including HDPs, neuropeptides (substance P and hemokinin-1), eosinophil major basic protein (MBP), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), the neutrophil-derived cathelicidin LL-37 and many FDA approved peptidergic drugs. We are currently using cellular, molecular and imaging approaches to delineate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of MRGPRX2 in vitro and humanized mice to study its function in vivo.
Fc-epsilonRI: Aggregation of Fc-epsilonRI on mast cells by antigen and the release of proinflammatory mediators contribute to the pathogenesis of anaphylaxis and allergic asthma. It is well documented that GPCR kinases (GRKs) and the adapter protein β-arrestin contribute to the desensitization of most GPCRs. We recently made the unexpected observation that GRK2 and β-arrestin2 regulate Fc-epsilonRI-mediated mast cell chemotaxis, degranulation and cytokine gene expression. We are currently utilizing both in vitro and in vivo approaches to delineate how GRK2 and β-arrestin2 regulate Fc-epsilonRI signaling in mast cells to modulate anaphylaxis and allergic asthma.
Research Summary:
Mast cells are granulated cells of hematopoietic lineage that reside close to blood vessels primarily at sites exposed to the external environment, such as the skin, oral/gastrointestinal mucosa and respiratory tract. They contribute to vascular homeostasis, innate/adaptive immunity and wound healing. Mast cells are, however, best known for their roles in allergic and inflammatory diseases such as anaphylaxis, food allergy, rhinitis, itch, urticaria, periodontitis, atopic dermatitis and asthma. Mast cells express a newly discovered G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) known as Mas-related G protein coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) and the high affinity IgE receptor (Fc-epsilonRI). As the only mast cell lab at Penn, we are interested in delineating how MRGPRX2 and Fc-epsilonRI contribute to host defense and allergic/inflammatory diseases.
MRGPRX2: Activation of surface epithelial cells by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) results in the generation of host defense antimicrobial peptides (HDPs). These HDPs display potent antimicrobial activity and modulate immune responses via the activation of mast cells through MRGPRX2. In addition to its immunomodulatory function, MRGPRX2 likely participates in pseudo-allergic drug reactions and chronic inflammatory diseases such as urticaria, periodontitis and asthma exacerbation. A unique feature of MRGPRX2 that distinguishes it from other GPCRs is that it is activated by multiple cationic ligands including HDPs, neuropeptides (substance P and hemokinin-1), eosinophil major basic protein (MBP), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), the neutrophil-derived cathelicidin LL-37 and many FDA approved peptidergic drugs. We are currently using cellular, molecular and imaging approaches to delineate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of MRGPRX2 in vitro and humanized mice to study its function in vivo.
Fc-epsilonRI: Aggregation of Fc-epsilonRI on mast cells by antigen and the release of proinflammatory mediators contribute to the pathogenesis of anaphylaxis and allergic asthma. It is well documented that GPCR kinases (GRKs) and the adapter protein β-arrestin contribute to the desensitization of most GPCRs. We recently made the unexpected observation that GRK2 and β-arrestin2 regulate Fc-epsilonRI-mediated mast cell chemotaxis, degranulation and cytokine gene expression. We are currently utilizing both in vitro and in vivo approaches to delineate how GRK2 and β-arrestin2 regulate Fc-epsilonRI signaling in mast cells to modulate anaphylaxis and allergic asthma.
研究兴趣
论文共 139 篇作者统计合作学者相似作者
按年份排序按引用量排序主题筛选期刊级别筛选合作者筛选合作机构筛选
时间
引用量
主题
期刊级别
合作者
合作机构
CELLSno. 1 (2024): 93
Frontiers in Immunology (2023)
引用0浏览0引用
0
0
The Journal of Immunologyno. 1_Supplement (2022): 115.11-115.11
Sarah C. Glover, Haley Williams,Yilianys Pride,Anna H. Owings, Tanya Robinson,Jonathan Lyons,Vishwa Deepak,Hydar Ali
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGYno. 1 (2022)
加载更多
作者统计
合作学者
合作机构
D-Core
- 合作者
- 学生
- 导师
数据免责声明
页面数据均来自互联网公开来源、合作出版商和通过AI技术自动分析结果,我们不对页面数据的有效性、准确性、正确性、可靠性、完整性和及时性做出任何承诺和保证。若有疑问,可以通过电子邮件方式联系我们:report@aminer.cn