Miscellaneous Complications of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy

While cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity have been well characterized, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy can also associate with other, less described toxicities including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, graft-versus-host disease, cytopenia, B-cell aplasia with hypogammaglobulinemia, and long-term neuropsychiatric complications. CAR T-cell therapy can also associate with organ-specific toxicities including cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, and gastrointestinal complications, mostly occurring in the setting of CRS but increasingly showing an independent biology. This chapter summarized their frequency, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.