Right-sided diverticulitis in a Western population

Background While left-sided colonic diverticular disease is common in Western Caucasian populations, right-sided colonic disease (RCD) is rare. The present study aimed to determine the rate of RCD and to identify the symptoms, clinical features, treatment, and outcomes in a single medical center in Israel. Methods Data for this descriptive retrospective analysis were collected from the electronic medical records of all patients diagnosed with colonic diverticulitis from January 2014 to June 2019. Results During the study period, 1000 patients with diverticulitis were admitted to our institution, of which 99 had RCD (10%). Mean age was 50.2 years. The main presenting symptom was acute onset of right-sided abdominal pain. The diagnosis was made almost exclusively by computed tomography scan and the cecum was the most frequent site. The clinical course was benign, without major complications for most patients (90.1%). Nine patients presented with abscess ( n = 1), covered perforation ( n = 7), or partial obstruction ( n = 1). All patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics with a median length of hospital stay of 3 days and a median 9 days of antibiotic treatment. Only 1 patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy due to suspected intestinal perforation. Three patients experienced disease recurrence after a median follow-up of 48 months. Upon recovery, half of the patients underwent colonoscopy; no further pathology was found in any. Conclusion Unlike sigmoid colon diverticulitis, the incidence of RCD in Western populations is low. The clinical course is benign, with conservative treatment without the need for surgery. The complication and recurrence rates are low.