Strong Predictors of Chromosomal Aberrations and Myeloid Neoplasia Following Immunosuppression Therapy for Severe Aplastic Anemia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Immune aplastic anemia (AA) is effectively treated with either immunosuppressive treatment (IST) or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Clonal evolution remains the most feared long-term complication after IST. We investigated predictor factors, genetic characteristics, and long-term outcomes of patients who developed either secondary myeloid neoplasia or isolated chromosomal abnormalities without morphologic dysplasia after immunosuppression.